Exhibitions, Research, Criticism, Commentary

A chronology of 3,585 references across art, science, technology, and culture
“I’d have more sympathy for NFT platforms shutting down if they hadn’t so openly embraced the capitalist extraction engine; the blinding antithesis of decentralization. These were businesses, and they made bad decisions. Own it.”
– Artist and designer Jana Stýblová, on the recent implosion of NFT marketplaces Nifty Gateway and Rodeo. Stýblová is particularly sour over founders shedding crocodile tears: “You don’t get to take artists’ and collectors’ money and then ask us to feel sorry for how hard you worked. You were salaried. You were paid to believe in the thing you were building.”

The Infinite Node Foundation launches its permanent Palo Alto (US) hub with “10,000,” the first major exhibition devoted to CryptoPunks (2017), Larva Labs’ (Matt Hall and John Watkinson) canonical PFP (profile picture) NFT collection. Following last year’s acquisition of the collection’s IP from Yuga Labs, NODE positions the algorithmically-generated portraits as a process-based artwork where “the marketplace is a living exchange that hums with activity.”

MoMA adds eight CryptoPunks (2017) and eight Chromie Squiggles (2020) to its permanent collection—donated by their creators (Larva Labs and Erick Calderon), collector communities, and DAOs including SquiggleDAO. Building on the museum’s 2023 acquisition of Refik Anadol’s Unsupervised (2022) and Ian Cheng‘s 3FACE (2022), the acquisition marks another institutional stamp for on-chain art. “The moment we’ve been building toward has arrived,” notes pseudonymous collector Cozomo de’ Medici, who donated a Punk, on X.

Casey Reas shares his first impressions of FF1, Feral File’s $450 USD open-source art computer, and its potential to reshape how digital art is encountered domestically. Writing as both co-founder and user, he frames the device as a shift in viewing conditions—where sustained attention determines the quality of experience. Of note: Reas traces an arc from 2010s platforms like Sedition and Electric Objects to the present, framing purpose-built products as “tools for living with art” in everyday life.

“‍It’s like someone wished on a cursed monkey’s paw for an artist who could reflect the truth of this moment, and in Beeple, that wish came true, for better or worse.‍”
– Critic Kevin Buist, meditating on NFT posterchild Beeple (real name Mike Winkleman) after seeing his Regular Animals (2025)—robot dogs with art and tech celebrity heads—at Art Basel Miami Beach’s Zero 10. “Beeple reflects the current moment better than maybe any other living artist, but the catch is that the current moment is a grotesque, frantic churn of absurdities that demand more attention than we have to give.”
“It’s in the Hermitage—it must be art.”
– Irish conceptual artist Kevin Abosch, recounting State Hermitage Museum director Mikhail Piotrovsky’s 2018 endorsement of his pioneering blockchain blood work, Personal Effects (2018, part of IAMA Coin), after a journalist called it into question
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Mika Ben Amar’s Ad Space drops on Verse, presenting 111 compositions generated by a custom Chrome extension that strips websites down to nothing but ads. The Berlin-based artist’s resulting spartan canvases foreground the surveillance apparatus—targeting algorithms, behavioural profiles, the data-brokerage economy—that underwrite ‘free’ content. “I trained Google to only show me weird ads for this,” Ben Amar notes on social media.

Building on cyberethnographer Ruby Justice Thélot’s ARTnews meditation on AI and digital folk art creation, critic Louis Bury lists ten examples—art, books, essays—that speak to this tension in 2025. Bury’s picks include Dean Kissick’s dissection of “The Vulgar Image,” Agent 5.5’s QAnon-esque John Pork TikTok lore, artist Maya Man’s “funhouse vision of TikTok vernacular’s over-the-top banality” for the Whitney, and Nadia Asparouhova’s cult hit book Antimemetics (2025).

Feral File presents its first-ever solo exhibition, Maya Man’s “StarQuest.” The American artist’s titular AI-generated video series explores the high drama world of competitive dance, processing 111 eight-second scenes through custom software that recombines them into new choreographies. At its centre is “AI default girl”—a synthetic performer for whom “visibility depends on compliance, and the image must continually regenerate itself to stay seen,” writes curator Nora O’ Murchú.

“Good immersion lives in the space between, a double exposure of both the fictional world and the actual world at once. Early games understood this. You stared at a CRT screen with blocky pixels and somehow you were still in the dungeon.”
– Artist Peter Burr, on the liminal space where fictional worlds and IRL intersect. Chatting with Raquel Gaudard ahead of his Infinite Refill NFT drop, Burr discusses worldbuilding and his Aria Engine (2025) project.
“The institutionalization of Bitcoin over the last six months as a financial asset has mirrored the institutionalization of blockchain art.”
– Artist Robert Alice, contextualizing former Sotheby‘s CEO Tad Smith’s bullish stance on blockchain art. Smith, who led the auction house’s digitalization from 2015-19, argues that the diminishing resistance digital art faces mirrors historical generational taste transitions.

What would it mean for a forest to own and manage itself? Terra0’s Autonomous Forest (2025) is an experimental, living artwork that rethinks ecological regeneration and stewardship through collective, blockchain-based governance. First theorized in their 2016 white paper, the group—finally—introduces a legal prototype with LAS Art Foundation: Two newly acquired woodland plots near Berlin are now DAO-managed, challenging years of monocultural and profit-driven forestry.

“The best thing about Tezos is its incredible community of left-leaning artists who have created a circular economy and systems of mutual support. It’s almost like a communist chain.”
– Digital artist Nicolas Sassoon, taunting Tezos co-founder Arthur Breitman for his moral panic over the election of democratic socialist Zohran Mamdani as NYC mayor. Fellow GIF artist Lorna Mills had harsher words: Breitman’s fear that the affordability-focused youngster will bring a communist takeover proves “that crypto is full of the worst people with the most stupid ideas.”
“Please take a moment to appreciate the fact that, in the year 2025, there are automated bots that blast out, to no one in particular, serious-sounding financial analysis about an 8-year-old conceptual art project.”
– Canadian artist Mitchell F. Chan, on the relentless NFTAlertX trading bot being bullish on his seminal blockchain classic Digital Zone of Immaterial Pictorial Sensibility (2017). “I wonder if this tweet is a more succinct artwork than anything I’ve ever made,” Chan quips.
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Botto
Neurealism
The visual diary of Botto’s first two years of decentralized, automated, and community-governed image generation captures the “the evolution of an artificial mind learning to see and create.”
“Not every work of art can be brought into the deep future. Stewardship across generations is incredibly laborious. To bring something into the future is to make it separate from that which will not receive the same investments of care.”
– Journalist and researcher Shanti Escalante-De Mattei, on Kelani Nichole’s mission to make digital art “last 100 years.” With Transfer Data Trust, a newly launched data cooperative, the American new media art advocate brings together artists, dealers, and conservators in a care network that includes tools and protocols for decentralized stewardship.

Bootloader, the first experimental platform from objkt labs (the R&D wing of the objkt NFT marketplace), launches as an open-source generative art system on Tezos. It allows artists to create SVG-based algorithmic art stored directly on-chain with code remaining mutable post-mint—collectors can update their pieces as artists tweak underlying systems. The platform challenges the NFT paradigm of immutable editions, treating code as living creative material.

“While auction houses were great early legitimizers, the traditional model is not naturally aligned with new, more decentralized Web3 models. In some sense, this is a good thing.”
– Artist Robert Alice, commenting on the closure of Christie’s digital art department amid strategic restructuring. The British artist, whose Portraits of a Mind (2019) was the first blockchain-based artwork sold at a major auction house in 2020, adds that “the goal is to build new institutions” beyond the legacy art market.

The TRANSFER Data Trust celebrates its public launch at New York’s Pier 57, completing TRANSFER’s evolution from a gallery LLC into a data cooperative. The decentralized, artist-owned archive and value exchange network functions as an “open culture stack” designed to collaboratively manage and maintain digital artworks in perpetuity. According to founder Kelani Nichole, “this emergent care model offers a new approach to media art valuation, conservation, and governance.”

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