Exhibitions, Research, Criticism, Commentary

A chronology of 3,585 references across art, science, technology, and culture
“The reason why RAM has become four times more expensive is that a huge amount of RAM that has not yet been produced was purchased with non-existent money to be installed in GPUs that also have not yet been produced, in order to place them in data centres that have not yet been built, powered by infrastructure that may never appear.”
– Silicon Valley software engineer Jatin K Malik, on the speculative economics of AI infrastructure. [quote edited]
“The first step is emotional: accept that it’s okay to leave platforms like Google. The next step is to remove your files from cloud drives, and store them locally. Understand what you’re storing and why.”
– Computational artist and activist Batool Desouky, recommending NEoN’s Counter-Cloud Action Plan for divesting from big tech. Developed by The Institute for Technology in the Public Interest (TITiPi) in an ethics audit of NEoN’s digital operations, the guide “offers ways to get the most from a hyperscaledown to learn about slow feminist and queer server practices.”
“There is no path to profitability for subprime AI. These absurd data centers will stand sentinel over the ruins of our fake economy like moai on Easter Island.”
– Investigative reporter and The Fort Bragg Cartel (2025) author Seth Harp, on America’s dangerous AI gamble that he deems the “biggest capital outlay ever.” Pointing at Stephen Witt’s reporting on the race to cover the world in data centers, Harp reminds us that “OpenAI loses ten billion dollars a quarter.”
“Under the guise of technological inevitability, companies are using the AI boom to rewrite the social contract—laying off employees, rehiring them at lower wages, intensifying workloads, and normalizing precarity.”
– Researcher Sophie Bandarkar, on the larger anti-worker agenda behind recent tech layoffs. “These firings are not driven by financial strain or genuine automation-related pressure,” Bandarkar argues, ”but by a strategic choice to restructure contracts and weaken the position of labour.” In short: “AI is not the cause of the layoffs but their justification.”
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Cory Doctorow
Enshittification
Expanding on the deeply resonant term he coined in 2022, Canadian-British internet activist and science fiction writer Cory Doctorow offers a scathing analysis of late-stage platform capitalism, where “online public squares have become places of torment, and online retailers are hellish dumpster fires.”

Suzanne Treister: Prophetic Dreaming” at Modern Art Oxford (UK) traces the British para-disciplinary artist’s enduring fascination with new technologies, power structures, and alternative belief systems. Treister’s first major institutional retrospective spans four decades and includes key works like the HEXEN 2.0 series of alchemical diagrams of big picture histories, with the latest, HEXEN 5.0 (2023-25), linking AI, climate breakdown, and quantum computing.

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Suzanne Treister
Prophetic Dreaming
The catalogue of Suzanne Treister’s retrospective at Modern Art Oxford (UK) is a major survey of the British artist’s investigative work connecting technology, power, belief, and futures. It spotlights seminal works and includes new essays by Lars Bang Larsen, Patricia Domínguez, and Val Ravaglia.
“Europe choked its own creative engineering pipeline with regulation and paralysis by consensus. The precautionary delay was successfully narrated by a Critique Industry that monopolized both academia and public discourse.”
– Tech theorist and Antikythera director Benjamin Bratton, offering a harsh critique of Europe’s cautious “regulate first, build later (maybe)” approach. “Today, the EU has AI regulation but not much AI to regulate, leaving European nations more dependent on U.S. & Chinese platforms,” Bratton writes. “This is what backfiring looks like.”
“AI is the asbestos we are shovelling into the walls of our society, and our descendants will be digging it out for generations.”
– Canadian-British journalist and internet activist Cory Doctorow, on the long recovery from rampant automation after the AI bubble bursts. “The money-hemorrhaging ‘foundation models’ will be shut off and we’ll lose the AI that can’t do your job, and you will be long gone, retrained or retired or ‘discouraged’ and out of the labour market, and no one will do your job.”
“The goal is not to react after a major incident occurs… but to prevent large-scale, potentially irreversible risks before they happen. If nations cannot yet agree on what they want to do with AI, they must at least agree on what AI must never do.”
French Center for AI Safety (CeSIA) executive director Charbel-Raphaël Segerie, announcing the Global Call for AI Red Lines initiative, a coalition of more than 200 former heads of state, diplomats, Nobel laureates, and AI leaders, urging governments to reach a global consensus on AI safety by the end of 2026.
“The overtly patriarchal text glorifies war as ‘hygiene’ and promotes ‘scorn for woman.’ The manifesto also calls for the destruction of museums, libraries, and universities and supports the power of the rioting crowd.”
– German studies scholar Sonja Fritzsche, examining the “Manifesto of Futurism” (1909) and finding resonances with Big Tech and populist rhetoric. Analyzing techno-utopian movements from Filippo Marinetti to ‘broligarch’ Elon Musk, she traces how visions of technological transformation have cycled through art, politics, and corporate power for over a century.
“Each search helped Google make more advertising money than rivals and gave it more data to improve its ability to accurately field queries. It also gave Apple billions of reasons not to develop its own search engine.”
– Journalists Tripp Mickle and Cecilia Kang, on the absurd economics underlying an antitrust ruling that allows Google to keep paying Apple $20 billion annually to be the default iPhone search engine—effectively paying a competitor not to compete. Google will maintain its search monopoly ”largely without interruption,” they write.
“If you’ve never spun up an AWS orchestration diagram how can you possibly critique the state of software today? I don’t understand how academia can critique technocapitalism without having actually done any of that work.”
Exocapitalism (2025) co-author Marek Poliks, challenging academics to engage the technical realities they critique (like Amazon Web Services). Interviewed with co-author Roberto Alonso Trillo, the duo discuss the scale and mechanics of post-Silicon Valley capitalism. [quote edited]

Tech reporter Sheera Frenkel chronicles how Google, OpenAI, Meta, and venture capitalists (VCs) have abandoned their anti-war pledges to embrace the military industrial complex. The transformation includes executives being sworn in as Army lieutenant colonels, companies scrubbing AI weapons bans, and VCs investing $31 billion in defense startups last year. Frenkel notes that a decade ago Big Tech companies “brandished mottos such as ‘connecting the world’ and ‘do no evil.’”

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Poliks & Trillo
Exocapitalism
Theorists Marek Poliks and Robert Alonso Trillo map capital’s migration into algorithmic territories—from AI to memecoins—developing conceptual tools for navigating life in an era of automated finance and distributed computation.
“Tech companies, with their ‘Sovereignty as a Service’ offerings, are acting as arms dealers, encouraging the illusion of a race for sovereign control while being the true powers behind the scenes.”
– Tech policy researchers Kate Elizabeth Creasey, Suresh Venkatasubramanian, and Rui-Jie Yew, warning that emerging ‘sovereignty as a service’ (SaaS) products from Nvidia and Amazon Web Services mirror colonial infrastructure schemes.
“It’s MANGO now.”
– Graphic designer Jay Dwivedi, responding to another X user’s “what happened to FAANG?” query. His visual update of the acronym swaps Facebook for Meta and Netflix for Nvidia, and adds OpenAI, capturing Big Tech’s new AI-centric pecking order.
“The enshitternet was purpose-built for this kind of apocalyptic co-option, organized around giant corporations who will trade a habitable planet and human rights for a three percent tax cut.”
– Writer Cory Doctorow, taking aim at Big Tech in his PyCon US keynote. Speaking to Python developers in Pittsburgh, he outlines how tech platforms follow a predictable three-stage decay: first luring users with great products, then squeezing them to please business customers, and finally extracting value until only a “homeopathic residue” of utility remains.
OUT NOW:
Adam Becker
More Everything Forever
Science journalist Becker critiques narratives of AI superintelligence, Martian colonies, the singularity, and other “profoundly immoral visions of tomorrow” that are espoused by Sam Altman, Elon Musk, Eric Schmidt, and other tech billionaires.
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