Exhibitions, Research, Criticism, Commentary

A chronology of 3,585 references across art, science, technology, and culture

The Infinite Node Foundation launches its permanent Palo Alto (US) hub with “10,000,” the first major exhibition devoted to CryptoPunks (2017), Larva Labs’ (Matt Hall and John Watkinson) canonical PFP (profile picture) NFT collection. Following last year’s acquisition of the collection’s IP from Yuga Labs, NODE positions the algorithmically-generated portraits as a process-based artwork where “the marketplace is a living exchange that hums with activity.”

“Even the word cypherpunk, I think it’s at least two-thirds gentrified at this point.”
– Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin, on the difficulty of identifying good-faith actors in crypto. In conversation with Tor Project’s Roger Dingledine at Funding the Commons Buenos Aires, Buterin advises seeking “high integrity people” and following a moral compass when navigating an ecosystem full of opportunists. [quote edited]

Digital art NFT marketplace Raster launches with unified artist profiles spanning multiple blockchains, solving the fragmentation that forces collectors to hop between platforms. Co-founded by Michael Elsdoerfer and thefunnyguys, it aggregates 88,000+ artist profiles and 16 million Ethereum and Tezos tokens. “Digital art collecting shouldn’t feel like archaeology,” the founders tweet, of their consolidation of scattered oeuvres, data, and marketplace histories into a single, searchable platform.

“Projects involving mixers, zero-knowledge proofs, multi-party computation, and other privacy-preserving protocols could face existential legal risk—not for what they do, but for how someone uses them.”
– Kelman PLLC, warning that crypto developer Roman Storm’s conviction for regulatory violations sets a dangerous precedent. Charged after North Korean hackers used his open source Tornado Cash protocol to anonymize (launder) stolen funds, Storm’s case blurs the line between “software development and criminal facilitation,” the lawyers argue. [quote edited]
”A sci-fi idea that everyone said would fail, built for a vision of the future that seemed unattainable. We took that future and planted it in the present, the beginning of an infinite machine that lets anyone, anywhere access that future, make commitments to it, to write code and build things that will persist into it.”
Ethereum Foundation Community Lead Josh Stark, marking the 10th anniversary of the first Ethereum block.

Dubai-based exchange Bybit is exploited for $1.46B—the largest hack in the history of the 15-year-old crypto industry. Bybit CEO Ben Zhou reveals his team was fooled into signing over control of a cold wallet with 0.5% of the global Ethereum supply, which the hackers promptly stole. Shortly after the attack, blockchain sleuth ZachXBT linked North Korea’s Lazarus Group to the exploit, showing wallets involved were also connected to a $69M hack earlier this year (image).

Q

Presenting the first purely contract-based group exhibition, “World Computer Sculpture Garden” treats Ethereum as a site for immutable artworks. Curated by 0xfff, 0xhaiku, Figure31, Sarah Friend, Material Protocol Arts, Rhea Myers, and Paul Seidler contribute works that use blockchain as material (not distribution). Friend’s Yesbot (2024), for example, wraps Myers’ Is Art (2014) contract to perpetually affirm that art is art—a persistent ‘yes’ running indefinitely on-chain.

“Green cryptocurrencies show how technology and finance can support ecological sustainability, providing a model for others to follow. But there is always risk.”
– Finance scholar Dulani Jayasuriya, expressing optimism for environmentally friendly cryptocurrencies including Ethereum and Solana. Taking stock of the state of proof-of-stake blockchains, Jayasuriya explores how developers of green blockchains are wrestling with the decentralization, performance, and security required for mass adoption.
“It is really disheartening to watch artists I respect run to do ordinals. Can’t help but remember the rough convos we had around energy use and carbon load of ETH.”
– Digital artist and prolific collector Chris Coleman, on fellow creators “loading art onto the most wasteful crypto in existence,” Bitcoin, in the wake of Sotheby’s “Natively Digital: An Ordinals Curated Sale.” Rather than following the money, Coleman reaffirms his commitment to ‘green NFTs’ (on energy-efficient proof-of-stake chains) and takes a stand: “I don’t want to judge, but no way will I buy or sell on that chain.”
“The growing awareness that unchecked centralization and over-financialization cannot be what ‘crypto is about,’ and new technologies like second-generation privacy solutions and rollups are finally coming to fruition, present us with an opportunity to take things in a different direction.”
– Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin, calling for developers to “make Ethereum cypherpunk again” by focusing on privacy-enhancing tools and public goods—not casinofication [quote edited]
“This piece is a litmus test for whether the marketplaces or collectors really cared when they paid lip service on emissions. The answer is a resounding ‘no.’”
– American media artist Kyle McDonald, reflecting on his futile Ethereum emissions mitigation artwork, Amends (2022), on the one-year anniversary of the Ethereum Merge. Launched in 2022 to offset the carbon footprint of major NFT platforms, the piece is now “a monument to inaction on behalf of Foundation, OpenSea, and Rarible.”

On the anniversary of the Ethereum Merge, a protocol shift that dramatically reduced the chain’s energy footprint, American media artist Kyle McDonald reveals the physical sculptures of his eco-critical NFT artwork, Amends (2022), to remind us of the 18.1 million tons of CO2 the use of Ethereum produced historically. If sold, the three handmade glass blocks filled with artefacts from associated mitigation projects would help repair the damage done by three major NFT marketplaces.

Generative art NFT platform fxhash announces a $5 million seed raise with venture capital firms and angel investors including Tezos Foundation, PunkVenturesDAO, Casey Reas, and thefunnyguys (Le Random). The funds will be used to hire more team members, support development of a 2.0 release (integrating Ethereum) and tools for art institutions, and bolster the platform’s mission of “empowering anyone, anywhere, to artistically express themselves with code,” they tweet (image: Zancan Garden, Monoliths, 2021).

What Just Happened?:
Burak Arikan Maps Power Structures, Financial Flows, and Networks of Influence

The New York-based artist discusses the collector ecosystem revealed by his ‘meta NFT’ Social Contracts (2023) and the evolution of peer-to-peer economies

“Nobody said it was a democracy. The ‘will of the community’ is the will of whichever cartel or whale has the voting majority, not the will of the disgusting peasantry.”
– Pseudonymous crypto pundit @degenspartan, sardonically reminding everyone that money talks in DAO governance. “If you want more votes, buy more coins,” he adds, in response to concerns that the large stake of venture capital firm a16z could make or break community proposals guiding the decentralized Uniswap protocol.

Rhea Myers’ solo exhibition “The Ego, and It’s 0wned” opens at Nagel Draxler’s Crypto Kiosk in Berlin, offering blockchain-based “symbolic forms” that ponder property, representation, identity, and secrecy. In the titular piece (2023), for example, the British artist and hacker tokenizes her brain wave recordings while Type Opposite Images (2023, image) reverses colourful Vaporwave tropes. Also on view: new NFT editions of iconic Ethereum works that Myers created in 2014.

Mario Santamaría’s solo show “Gárgola” opens at Centre d’Art la Panera, Lleida (ES), wedging two metaverses into one exhibition space. An architectural structure marks the exact plot of land the Spanish artist purchased in Next Earth, a virtual 1:1 reproduction of the planet, while suspended screens render a 13,5 billion light-years drop (the fall, 2022) into the Voxels Ethereum virtual world. A winding liquid cooling system further reminds viewers of computing’s (very real) materiality.

OUT NOW:
Vitalik Buterin
Proof of Stake
Collected essays by the Ethereum co-founder making the case for blockchain-powered collaboration and governance
“And we finalized! Happy merge all. This is a big moment for the Ethereum ecosystem. Everyone who helped make the merge happen should feel very proud today.”
– Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin, celebrating the cryptocurrency’s transition to a proof-of-stake consensus mechanism. The shift of the leading smart contract blockchain to 99% less energy consumption is good news for crypto boosters, who have endured a downslide, platform implosions, and countless exploits since the 2021 boom.
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